Saturday, April 2, 2022

Implementing Basic Auth0 in SwiftUI using Universal Login

Auth0 provides different mechanisms like SAML, OAuth, OIDC, and WS-Fed. I have looked into OAuth and will cover that today. Before jumping into implementation let's talk about basic terms which are used in the implementation.

Identity

Identity is something that proves who you are. e.g. if you have booked a flight and show up at an airport they would check your passport and hence proves that you are the one who the ticket is booked for and they compare the Given name, surname, passport number, etc. 

But here we are talking about digital identity, which consists of usernames, emails, and passwords. In some cases, it can be biometric as well like touch Id and face Id. 

Authentication

Authentication is the process of validating that the provided user's identity details are valid and have been verified by the system. Once this is completed the system gets user identity which has information about the user e.g. name, age, maybe roles, or other information that is needed by the system.

Following are terms related to Authentication which you must have heard people talking about around you. 

Single-factor

If you are using only a single form of authentication e.g just user name and password to get into the system. Or just by swiping your access card.

Two-factor or 2FA

2FA is the latest term that is very popular and is a must IMHO. There are a few ways you can set up 2FA
  1. Using one time passwords that are sent to your mobile/phone
  2. Use an Authenticator app and use a code from the app which is required to be entered every time to log in.

Multi-factor or MFA

MFA is when we use more than 2 pieces of a user's identity to verify them e.g. along with username/password and OTP, users are using some kind of biometric to get into the system.

Authorization

You must have seen the sign that reads "Authorized personnel only" at buildings or offices. That means that you need to special access code or badge to access those areas. 

It works in a similar way in digital systems, once you are authenticated, the system gets the user's identity and with the identity, it will know what kind of access the user has. The most basic roles are admin users and not normal users. Admins have special access and can have powers to maintain the system and do other operational activities. Systems can have different roles and groups to manage different access levels for the users. 

Now you know all the basic terms which are used when we set up any kind of system which involves setting up the login access and then customizing the system based on the level of access users have or what we say what role the user belongs to. 


I hope these terms make sense to you. Feel free to do some more search and make sure you understand these terms before moving forward. 

Ok, so now let's jump into some coding and see how we implement these in the real world. 

Auth0 has a toolkit/SDK for native iOS apps and we will use the new Swift Package Manger or SPM to add the toolkit to the SwiftUI app. Create a new Xcode project if you are starting or you can add a package to the existing project by going to File -> Add Package.

Add Package

You do not have to use SPM there are other installation options like Cocoapods or Carthage. After clicking Add Package get the URL for the Auth0 swift spm package and put it in the top right box as shown in the image below and should see the package. Click Add Package button on the bottom right and it will add the package to your project.

Package search


This will add the Auth0 package and any dependencies for this package like JWTDecode and Simple Keychain.

Auth0 package dependancies

I will be using Auth0 universal login to demo this integration for now but will go into more advanced implementations later. What it means is that we will use the login UI provided by Auth0 and all the features. 

To get started first thing is to create an account on Auth0 you can follow this link to sign up for Auth0. Once you create the account you need to register your app with Auth0. From the home page go to Applications -> Applications and click Create Application

Auth0 Create Application


Enter a name for the app, and select Mobile option. In the Settings tab after you create app you can see the Domain and ClientId. 

Add a new plist file to the project and add these to the newly added info plist file.

Auth0 info plist


Note: You want to do this for testing the app but do not check in the secrets to remote repository. Check this article in which I explained how to use and store secrets in iOS app. 

Once you finish the plist changes nexe thing is to build Allowed callback urls and logout urls. The format for Auth0 to build thse urls is format as below

{BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER}://{YOUR_DOMAIN}/ios/{BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER}/callback

The bundle identifier can be found as shown in image below. Copy the bundle identifier from project and build the url.


use the same url for Allowed Callback URLs and Allowed Logout URLs under the Application URIs section. 




Once you update the callback urls and then createa user that you can use to login once you have the Auth0 integrated in the app. Go to User Management -> Users and create a new user. 

Create User

Let's write some code and get Auth0 working in the sample app. Add a new view that is going to display the basic UI to login and logout actions. Let's call it RootView

import SwiftUI


struct RootView: View {

  @State var isLoggedIn = false

  

  @StateObject var viewModel = RootViewModel()

  var body: some View {

    VStack(spacing: 20) {

      if viewModel.isAuthenticated {

        Text("Welcome")

        Button(action: viewModel.logout) {

          Text("logout")

        }

      } else {

        Text("Welcome to codewithKarma")

        Button(action: viewModel.login) {

          Text("Login")

        }

      }

    }

  }

}


struct LoginView_Previews: PreviewProvider {

  static var previews: some View {

    RootView()

  }

}

So we need 2 actions login and logout. Let's create the Viewmodel and add these functions in the viewmodel

import Auth0

import Combine


class RootViewModel: ObservableObject {

  @Published var isAuthenticated = false

  func login() {

    Auth0

      .webAuth()

      .start { result in

        switch result {

          

        case .failure(let error):

          print("Failed with: \(error)")

          

        case .success(let credentials):

          print(credentials)

          self.isAuthenticated = true

        }

      }

  }

  

  func logout() {

    Auth0

      .webAuth()

      .clearSession { result in

        switch result {

        case .failure(let error):

          print("Failed with: \(error)")

        case .success:

          self.isAuthenticated = false

        }

      }

  }

}


View the print output and try to play with the parameters and see what comes in the parameters, 

Wrap up!

This is the most basic integration of Auth0 to the native iOS app using the Universal Login. I hope you will be able to achieve this, if you have any questions do let me know in comments.

Happy Coding!!

Saturday, March 26, 2022

Insert Jump break in Google blogger new interface

 Google has recently updated the blogger interface and has introduced so many great features. One of the features of the blogger is that you can put a jump break in the article and if you are showing multiple blogs on the landing page, then that break will put a jump and a Read more link. 

With new changes, the option has moved. To insert jump break in the page you have to be in the Compose View and in the toolbar click ... and then choose Insert Jump break as shown in the image below.


insert jump break


Thursday, March 24, 2022

Every iOS developer should know these Xcode tricks

 As iOS Developer you must be spending 8-9 hours of the day using Xcode. It is really important that you know the IDE to get most out of it and get more efficient with coding.

Refresh Canvas and close/open canvas


While using SwiftUI one of things you interact most is SwiftUI previewer and we see the Resume button on the previewer and have to click it to so many times. 



Well there is a keyboard shortcut that can make your life easier. By default it is set to Option + Command + P but you can reconfigure it your liking. e.g. I have set it to Command + P


and to do this I had to remove the shortcut for Print. Let's be very clear we do not do Print command from Xcode every day :), So I choose the nearest key to the default one.

Another good shortcut to know if Opening and closing the Canvas, May be there are times where you want to just focus on code and get some more real estate to work with and just want to close the canvas and then once done you want to reopen it again. You can use Option + Command + return to toggle the canvas visibility. Again you can use Xcode keybinding to reconfigure it to your liking.

Open Quickly

If you are working on large project and working on few files then you must know this feature of Xcode. Open quickly let's you open files with you know the name of the file. Press Command + Shift + O to open it and then just start trying the name and you will see the list


A companion option to this one is show only recent files toggle in the project navigator. When enabled it will only show the files you have recently interact with. 



Rename refactoring

Tuesday, March 22, 2022

How to enable spell checking in XCode

 Do you get a lot of PR comments for spelling mistakes? Then this will help you a lot to fix those issue while you are typing.

You can navigated to Edit -> Format -> Spelling and Grammar  and then select ✔Check Spelling While Typing option so that you get live spell checking.




As you can see in screenshot my misspelled word is highlighted with dotted red underline. 

Enjoy Coding!!

Guide to SwiftUI layout and presentation controls in iOS

SwiftUI Layout Containers


It is always better to know about all the tools before you start your DIY project. You need to know what tools are available and what each tool can be used for. The same strategy can be applied to UI design. If you know all the available tools provided by the SwiftUI framework then you will be able to apply that knowledge to the beautiful designs that your designer has provided you with. Following are the Layout containers provided by SwiftUI.

HStack

you can refer HStack as a horizontal stack. You want to stack your controls shown in the image below. 

Horizontal plates stacking


The views in SwiftUI are aligned in a similar fashion as shown in image below

SwiftUI HStack


LazyHStack

As the name says this is a Lazy container. As the keyword, Lazy in a programming language is a strategy to delay the initialization until it is needed. The views in the LazyStack are not initialized until they are needed. 

You can try this code and see how it works. 

import SwiftUI


struct CustomText: View {

  private let index: Int

  init(index: Int) {

    print("init CustomText \(index)")

    self.index = index

  }

  var body: some View {

    Text("This is custom text view")

  }

}


struct ContentView: View {

    var body: some View {

      ScrollView(.horizontal) {

        LazyHStack {

          ForEach(0...100, id:\.self) { index in

            CustomText(index: index)

          }

        }

      }

    }

}

It should look like as shown in image below when you first run it. 

LazyHStack Image


VStack

The Stack is referred to as vertical stack e.g. as shown in the image below


Vertical Stack plates


The corresponding SwiftUI views are stacked in a similar fashion as shown in the image below.

SwiftUI VStack


LazyVStack

LazyVStack works very similar to LazyHStack, it's just that it will align the items vertically. Before you read further, I want you to try the code from the LazyHStack section and just change the LazyHStack to LazyVStack. 

Check the output in the debug window. Must be wondering what is going on there. All the items are getting rendered. 

So what should you do it fix it? Try it before looking at the code below. 

|

|

|

I am sure you have tried it. The thing is that you need to change the ScrollView to be .vertical.

import SwiftUI


struct CustomText: View {

  private let index: Int

  init(index: Int) {

    print("init CustomText \(index)")

    self.index = index

  }

  var body: some View {

    Text("This is custom text view")

  }

}


struct ContentView: View {

    var body: some View {

      ScrollView(.vertical) {

        LazyVStack(alignment: .center, spacing: 50) {

          ForEach(0...100, id:\.self) { index in

            CustomText(index: index)

          }

        }

      }

    }

}